Hi November1917,
Most thyroid nodules are benign (90-95%). Your nodule has some characteristics (internal vascularity, microcalcifications, and a hypoechoic rim) that make it a bit more suspicious. Most doctors will not do a biopsy on thyroid nodules until they are at least 1 cm in size, regardless of what characteristics are present. Partly because thyroid nodules (and most thyroid cancers) are very slow growing, and partly because it is difficult to get enough cells or get cells from the nodule using ultrasound guided fine needle biopsy on small nodules.
Depending on the doctor, they may recommend a follow-up ultrasound in 6 months to a year to see if the nodule is growing. It is unlikely, but possible, that they might recommend a fine needle biopsy, since there are some suspicious characteristics present.
Again, most thyroid nodules are benign, and a single, small nodule has a low risk of being cancer, but it is good to monitor it once you know it is there.