Another possibility is that something about your car or your behavior attracts the attention of the police more than average. For example, I've heard men in red sports cars get more tickets than other men, not because they are worse drivers but because the police notice them more. Also, people who notice the police and act nervous around them attract their attention.
I don't think unfinished business over your parents' divorce would have caused you to develop a conspiracy theory about a judge colluding with the police. For one thing, you sound like you have processed their divorce for what it was. Also, in my experience of my parents' divorce, my grief centered around the feeling of loss of the nuclear family, not fear of the police. (I would have been more likely to grieve over the lost family home and good times, and have sad dreams about it.) What might have given a paranoia of the police, however, is having been arrested for DUI. An arrest can be really shocking at a very basic level -- maybe you developed this paranoia on your own account, not on your parents' account. In short, your mom is kind of telling you that she thinks her life is the center of your world, but really, you have plenty of your own life to be the center of your own world.
Hm. I guess I don't personally see the correlation. I think divorce can cause some inner turmoil and distrust but can't see why that would make you dislike police, etc. I think getting pulled over for bogus things would do that though!!
My parents divorced when I was in college Freshman year. It was hard. I think almost harder than when it happens when kids are younger because it felt like my home was truly ripped apart. I found myself in the middle of things sometimes. I hated it. Did it affect me? Probably. I'm not sure how though.
Fear of authority figures, anger with authority figures, etc. is nothing new and I'm sure many people who suffer this are from intact parental homes. :>) good luck