The remodeling I refered to likely occurs over weeks to months of being in afib. Adrenaline certainly can trigger atrial fibrillation. Beta blockers can blunt surges in adrenaline.
re. your answer ". The longer a patient is in afib, the more difficult and less likely it is to restore sinus rhythm. This is due to remodelling of the atrial muscle": I experience AF once or twice per year, always starting with me waking up in the small hours often feeling as if I've had a bad dream. I have always suspected adrenalin as a causal factor. Could this be so, and are there drugs which can control adrenalin secretion during my sleeping hours? Also, how long does it take for remodelling of the atrial muscle? Thanks.
1.)Are these K-9 injections available everywhere or do we need to carry a list where they are available?
2.)How long before they do kick in?
3.)What kind of injections are these e.g like insulin or are they given IV? Please describe the protocol.
Thanks.
1. Any hospital would carry this.
2. Several hours.
3. Usually given subcutaneously, can be given orally or intravenously.
1. No
2. No. Coumadin is much more likely to cause bleeding when a patient is elderly. However, it is much more effective at preventing stroke than aspirin in this population.
3. Not really. Vitamin K injections can reverse the effects of coumadin, but they do not kick in right away.
4. The longer a patient is in afib, the more difficult and less likely it is to restore sinus rhythm. THis is due to remodelling of the atrial muscle.