thanks for your input Kenkeith.
Bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital anomaly, occurring in 1% to 2% of the population. There are two leaflets rather than the normal 3. Leaflets close the valve opening to prevent blood flowing back into the ventricle rather than going into circulation. It is the most common reason for aortic valve replacement, and such individuals are at significantly increased risk of aortic complications.
The normal size for aortic root (ascending) is less than 3.8 cm. When the size is increased to 4.0 cm it is referred to as an aneurysm. If an individual has an aortic root of 4.5-5cm and a bicuspid valve, there usually is an MRI and echo, and schedule follow-up in 6 months for repeat studies. If the aortic vessel size is increasing, then often surgery is recommended. Surgical procedure for an aneurysm is to cut it out and replaced by a synthetic sleeve and sometimes the bicuspid valve can be saved.